Turbine.



J. HORMBY.

TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 19, 1908.

AAA/1% Inventor:

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J. HORMBY.

TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 19, 1908.

Patented July 13, 1909. a sums-sum '2.

Inventor:

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JOHN HORMBY, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

TURBINE.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J O1IN HonMBY, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful improvements inTurbine-Motors, of which the following is a speciiication.

My invention relates to motors of the turbine type and its noveltyconsists in the construction and adaptation of the parts as will be morefully hereinafter pointed out.

In a co-pending application for Letters Patent of the United States,Serial No. 439,285 filed by me on the 19th day of June, 1908, I havedescribed a peculiar form of jet propelled vane or bucket which I callfor the sake of identification a demi-vane and which in brief is madeintegral with the disk on which it is mounted and comprises a cres centshaped body with cylindrical surfaces oblique to its supporting disk andto the shaft on which it is rotated. The subject matter of thisinvention is a result of the further development or carrying forward ofthe inventive ideas described in that application. Necessarily in thedescription which follows I must repeat something of the descriptivematter of that application.

In the drawings, Figure l is a miniature front elevation of a doubleturbine embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a central section and partialside elevation of the casing and reversing mechanism; Fig. 3 is a sideelevation of polyphase motor illustrating the repeated use of theinternally expanded stream and showing the parts to the right of theplane 33 in Fig. i, and Fig. is a central section through the partsshown in Fig. 3.

firmly secured to a shaft 10 in any suitable manner, as for instance bymeans of hubs 1 10 and 130. The disks 11 and 13 are imperferate on theirouter surfaces 200 and each have inwardly projecting rims provided withthe demi-vanes referred to. The intermediate disk 12 has a central weband two outwardly projecting rims each provided with demivanes. Asdescribed in the patent applica tion above referred to, the demi-vaneson the disks 11 and 13 are staggered with respect to those on theintermediate disk 12.

The double turbine so constructed is mounted in an appropriate casing 20(see Fig. 2) made of steel or any suitable material, the shaft 10 beingadapted to project Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 19, 1908.

Patented July 13, 1909.

Serial No. 39,286.

through the walls thereof. This casing completely encircles the turbine.It is provided with two jets or nozzles, one 21 leading to the vanesbetween the disks 11 and 12 at the upper part of the turbine, as shownin Figs. 1 and 2 and the other 22, leading to the vanes between thedisks 1.2 and 15 at the lower part of the turbine, as shown in the samefigures.

25 indicates a steam chest divided by a steam tight partition 250 intoan upper compartment 210 from which the nozzle 21 draws its steam, and alower compartment 220 from which the nozzle 22 draws its steam. \Yithinthe partition are two oppositely disposed ports 211 and 221 leading tothe compartments 210 and 220 respectively, and each of whichcommunicates with a central inlet conduit 251 controlled by acylindrical valve 26 provided with a port 260 and operated by means of ahandle 261.

The operation of the device shown in Fig. 2 is quite obvious. if thehandle 261 is turned to admit steam from the conduit 25]., port 260 andport 211 into the compartment 210, it will pass through the nozzle 21,impinge against the demi-vanes on the disks 11 and 12 and rotate theturbine and its shaft in the direction of the hands of a watch. if, onthe contrary, the handle 2-61 is turned to admit steam through the ports260 and 221 into the compartment 220 then the steam will pass into thenozzle 22 and against the demi-vanes on the disks 12 and 125 and willrotate the turbine and its shaft in the opposite direction. Obviously bythe partial rotation of the handle the steam can be throttied to controlthe speed of rotation of the turbine so that with a single handle theturln the drawmgs, 11, 12 and 13 are disks bine motor and its shaft maybe operated at any desired speed within the limits of the device andeither forward or backward. When the handle is in the position shown in2 no steam is admitted to either compartment 210 or 220 and the turbinemotor is at rest.

1 have discovered that when a single circumferential row of deini-vanesis used on each disk and its outer surface 200 is imperforate, the steamafter passing through the slits between the demivanes, reaches theinterior of the device and being still under pressure and seeking anoutlet, finds one naturally through the slits between the demivanes atpoints away from the influence of the incoming jet and in so doingimparts some energy to the demi-vanes with which it contacts. It finallyescapes within thel casing 20 surrounding the'motor and may bedischarged through a suitable opening 201 provided for that purpose.

Utilizing the discovery above referred to, I have constructed a simpleand efficient form of turbine, which is a development of the form shownin Figs. 1 and 2. This new form is shown in Figs. 3 and 4. In thesefigures 20, as before, is a casing surrounding the motor. It is providedwith bearings 2 and 3 adapted to supportthe shaft 10 which is surroundedby a packing indicated at 4. Secured to the shaft 10 is a verticallyplaced disk 5 provided with annular recesses 50, each adapted to receiverings 51, 52 and 53, which are secured in place by screws 54 or in anyother suitable manner. Each of the rings 51, 52 and 58 correspond to thein wardly projecting rims on the disks 1 1 and 13 (shown in Figs. 1 and2) and are each provided with a similar series of demi-vanes, each oneof which is made of the crescent shaped members made up of cylindricalsurfaces oblique to the vertical and horizontal planes. A space is leftbetween the outer surface of the disk 5 and the casing 20 and dischargeports 6 lead thereto from the inte rior of the motor. Secured to thecasing 20 is a vertically placed fixed disk 7 provided with annularrecesses 70, each adapted to receive rings 71 and 72 which are securedin place by screws 74 or in any other suitable manner. Each of the rings71 and 72 are provided with crescent shaped partitions 75 formingbetween them crescent shaped chan- I nels corresponding in number andposition to the spaces between the demi-vanes on the rings 51, 52 and53. A central recess 73 serves as a receptacle for the steam andcommunicates with the discharge ports 6. The disk 7 is circularlyadjustable by means of bolts 7 7 or in any other manner. An inlet nozzle8 leads to the periphery of the disk 5 and the outer vanes. l Vhen'thesteam is turned on, it impinges against these vanes and rotates the disk5, and shaft 10; Passing through the channels between the vane surfacesin the ring 51 it enters the series of fixed crescent sh ed channels inthe ring 71 and thence to the vanes in the ring 52, through this ringand through the fixed channels in the ring 72 to the vanes of the ring53 and thence to the annular recess 7 3 and the discharge ports 6.

It is not necessary that the number of guide channels in the fixed ringsshould be the same as the number of passages between the vanes in therings on each side thereof, but it is a convenient way to make the.machine in practice;

. What Iclaim asnew is; g

1. A shaft, three turbine disks mounted thereon in series, the outerdisks having inwardly projecting demi-vanes and the inner disk outwardlyprojecting demi-vanes, the vanes of the two series of opposing disksbeing arranged to receive the impelling fluid in opposite directionswhereby the shaft 1s rotated in one direction when the steam is suppliedto one series and in an opposite direction when it is supplied to theother series.

2. A shaft, turbine disks mounted thereon in series and provided withdemi-vanes extending toward one another, the adjacent vanes of two ofsaid disks being adapted to receive the steam in the same direction.

3. A shaft, turbine disks mounted thereon in series and provided withdemi-vanes, the vanes of two adjacent disks being adapted to receive thesteam in the same direction, and the vanes of the next pair of adjacentdisks being adapted to receive the steam in the opposite direction.

4. A double turbine motor comprising a shaft, and turbine disks mountedthereon in series and provided with vanes, the vanes of two adjacentdisks being adapted to receive the steam in the same direction, and thevanes of other adjacent disks being adapted to receive the steam in theopposite direction, in combination with means for supplying steamalternately at such points, substantially as described.

5. A double turbine motor comprising a shaft, and turbine disks mountedthereon in series and provided with vanes extending to ward and adjacentone another, the adjacent vanes of the pairs of said disks in the seriesbeing adapted to receive the steam in the same direction, to propel saidshaft in opposite directions, in combination with means forsupplyingsteam alternately between said pairs of disks, substantially asdescribed.

6. A double turbine motor comprising a shaft, and turbine disks mountedthereon in series and provided with vanes, the vanes of twoadjacentdisks being adapted to receive the steam in the same direction, and thevanes of other adjacent disks being adapted to receive the steam in theopposite direction,

steam alternately at such different points, and for throttling thesupply, substantially as described.

7. A double turbine motor comprising a shaft, and turbine disks mountedthereon in series and provided with vanes extending toward and adjacentone another, the adjacent vanes of the pairs of said disks in the seriesbeing adapted to receive the steam in the same direction, to propel saidshaft in opposite directions, in combination with means for supplyingsteam alternately between said pairs of disks and for throttling thesupply,

tially as described. I p

8. A double turbine motor comprising a shaft, turbine disks mountedthereon in series and provided with vanes, the vanes of in combinationwith means for supplying .125. comprising a single rotary valve,substan- 7 i two adjacent disks being adapted to receive the steam inthe same direction, and the vanes of other adjacent disks being adaptedto receive the steam in the opposite direction, a casing for said disks,nozzles leading from said casing between different pairs of disks, asteam supply conduit, and means for turning the steam from said conduitinto any one of said nozzles, substantially as described.

9. A double turbine motor comprising a shaft, turbine disks mountedthereon in series and provided with vanes extending toward and adjacentone another, the adjacent vanes of the pairs of said disks being adaptedto receive steam in the same direction, to propel the said shaft inopposite directions, a casing for said disks, nozzles leading from saidcasing, between different pairs of said disks, a steam supply conduit,and means for turning the steam from said conduit into any one of saidnozzles, and throttling it, substantially as described.

10. A turbine comprising opposing disks, circular series of crescentshaped demi-vanes extending inwardly from said disks at an anglethereto, and a propelling jet directing steam between said disks andagainst the adjacent vanes to pass therebetween and between the vanesaway from the influence of said jet.

\Vitness my hand this 17th day of June, 1908, at the city of New York,in the county and State of New York.

JOHN I-IORMBY.

\Vitnesses:

HERMAN MEYER, NVILLIAM R. BAIRD.

